The Success Secret
Presidents and Legislative Cartels in Uruguay (1995-2010)
Keywords:
parties, parliament, executive, legislators, UruguayAbstract
In the last two decades the Uruguayan political system has shown a cooperative relationship between the two government branches. The Executives were able to pass their legislative agenda in an efficient way by building cartel-party at the Houses. This article proposes an explanation based on the theoretical developments of Cox and McCubbins (1993 and 2005), about the creation of legislative cartels in Uruguay. In particular, the article explains how constitutes a central authority in the House where the executive holds a dominant influence, and how that authority usurps and controls the agenda power. I also present new evidence about the legislator’s cooperation with the party aims, with the hope of getting benefits to extent their political careers. The data show that in the brief periods where the party or coalition does not work cartelized (rupture of the ruling coalition), the government's legislative agenda is severely affected.
Downloads
References
Amorim Neto, Octavio, Gary W. Cox y Mathew D. McCubbins (2003). “Agenda Power in Brazil's Câmara Dos Deputados, 1989-98”. World Politics 55(4): 550-578.
Amorim Neto, Octavio (1998). “Cabinet Formation in Presidential Regimes: An Analysis of 10 Latin American Countries”. Ponencia presentada en el Meeting of the Latin American Studies Association, The Palmer House Hilton Hotel, Illinois, September 24-26, 1998.
Buquet, Daniel, Daniel Chasquetti y Juan A. Moraes (1998). Fragmentación Política y Gobierno. ¿Un Enfermo Imaginario? Montevideo: Instituto de Ciencia Política.
Chandler, William, Gary W. Cox y Mathew McCubbins (2006). “Agenda Control in the German Bundestag, 1980-2002”. German Politics 15(1):89-111.
Chasquetti, Daniel (1999). “Compartiendo el Gobierno: Multipartidismo y Coaliciones en el Uruguay (1971 - 1997)”. Revista Uruguaya de Ciencia Política 10: 25-46.
Chasquetti, Daniel (2004). “Presidente fuerte, partido fragmentado y disciplina legislativa en Uruguay: los desafíos institucionales del gobierno del Frente Amplio”. Iberoamericana. Nordic Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies XXXIV(1-2): 43-63
Chasquetti, Daniel (2010). “Carreras legislativas en Uruguay: Un estudio sobre reglas, partidos y legisladores en las Cámaras”. Tesis de Doctorado. Instituto de Ciencia Política, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de la República.
Chasquetti, Daniel (2011). “El costo de pasar: gobiernos de coalición y gobiernos de partido en el proceso legislativo uruguayo”. En Manuel Alcántara y Mercedes García Montero (eds.) Algo más que presidentes. El papel del Poder Legislativo en América Latina. Zaragoza: Fundación Manuel Giménez, 537-561.
Cox, Gary W. y Mathew D. McCubbins (1993). Legislative Leviathan. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Cox, Gary W. y Mathew D. McCubbins (2003). “Legislative Leviathan Revisited”, Department of Political Science, UC San Diego.
Cox, Gary W. y Mathew D. McCubbins (2005). Setting the Agenda: Responsible Party Government in the US House of Representatives. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Cox, Gary W., Mikitaka Masuyam y Mathew D. McCubbins (2000). “Agenda Power in the Japanese House of Representatives”. Japanese Journal of Political Science 1 (1): 1-21.
Cox, Gary W., William Heller y Matthew McCubbins (2008). “Agenda Power in the Italian Chamber of Deputies, 1988-2000”. Legislative Studies Quarterly 33(2): 171-198.
Informe de Coyuntura (2008). Encrucijada 2009. Montevideo: Editorial Fin de Siglo – Instituto de Ciencia Política.
Jones, Mark P. y Wonjae Hwang (2005). “Party Government in Presidential Democracies: Extending Cartel Theory Beyond the U.S. Congress”. American Journal of Political Science 49(2): 267-82.
Koolhas, Martín (2004). Coaliciones de gobierno en Uruguay, 1990-2003. Tesis de grado. Montevideo: Instituto de Ciencia Política.
Krehbiel, Keith (1991). Information and Legislative Organization. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Lanzaro, Jorge, Daniel Buquet, Daniel Chasquetti y Juan Andrés Moraes (2000). Estudio sobre la Producción Legislativa en Uruguay, Programa de Evaluación de la Producción Legislativa en Uruguay, 1985-2000. Montevideo: Poder Legislativo.
Moraes, Juan Andrés (2008). “Why Factions? Candidate Selection and Legislative Politics in Uruguay”. En Peter Siavelis y Scott Morgestern, Pathways to Power: Political Recruitment and Candidate Selection in Latin America. Pennsylvania: Penn State University Press.
Olson, Mancur (1992) [1962]. La lógica de la Acción Colectiva. Bienes Públicos y la Teoría de Grupos. México D.F.: Limusa, Noriega Editores.
Rompani, Santiago (1965). Luis Batlle Berres. Pensamiento y Acción. Montevideo: Alfa.
Samuels, David (2003). Ambition, Federalism, and Legislative Politics in Brazil. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Weingast, Barry R. y William Marshall (1988). “The Industrial Organization of Congress”. Journal of Political Economy 96: 132-163.