New analysis of the economic preconditions of democracy
Keywords:
Democracy, Inequality, Economic PolarizationAbstract
Studies on economic preconditions for democracy have usually transited two major trends. On the one hand, some scholars has insisted on the validity of the assumptions of the Theory of Modernization, which attaches to economic development a key role in the probability of democratic rule in a country. Other researches have highlighted the importance of an equitable distribution of economic resources as a necessary precondition for the development of democracy. As part of this second tradition, this paper supports the idea that the purported relationship between economic development and democracy is inconsistent in theoretical terms, and that can only be empirically grounded to the twentieth century. I argue that the structure of distribution of economic resources affects democracy strongly, and while a completely equitable distribution of resources is not a prerequisite, it is necessary at least, a low polarization in the distribution pattern for democracy to survive.
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References
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Weede, Erich (1989). "Democracy and Income Inequality Reconsidered." American Sociological Review 54-5 (October): 565-571.
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Aristóteles.1984. La Política. Alianza Editorial, Madrid
Asgeirsson, Jakob (1994). "The impact of "national myth" on the foundations of democracy in iceland: an historical perspective." Asian Journal of Public Administration, VOL. 16.NO.1 (JUNE): 14-40.
Boix, Carles (2003). Democracy and redistribution. Cambridge University Press, New York, .
Bollen, Kenneth (1979)."Political Democracy and the timing of Development." American Sociological Review Vol. 44 (August): 572-587.
Bollen, Kenneth y Pamela Paxton (1997). Democracy before Athens. Inequality, democracy, and economic development. Cambridge University Press, New York: 13-44.
Chakravarty, Satya y Amita Majumder (2001). "Inequality, Polarisation and Welfare: Theory and Applications." Australian Economic Papers 40-1 (March): 1-13.
Colomer, Josep (2001). Instituciones políticas. Ariel, Barcelona
Coppedge, Michael (1997). "Modernization and thresholds of democracy : evidence for a common path and process", en Inequality, Democracy, and Economic Development, ed. by Manus I. Midlarsky. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 177-201.
Dahl, Robert (1991). La democracia y sus críticos. Paidós, Barcelona, .
Deininger, Klaus y Lyn Squire (2005). Measuring Income Inequality Database, World Bank.
Ember, Melvin, Carol Ember y Bruce Russett (1997). "Inequality and democracy in the anthropological record", en Inequality, Democracy, and Economic Development, ed. by Manus I. Midlarsky. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 110-130.
Gujarati, Dadomar. 2003. Econometría. McGraw-Hill, México.
Harris, Marvin (1990). Introducción a la antropología general. Alianza, Madrid, .
King, Gary, Keohane, Robert y Sidney Verba (2000) El diseño de la investigación social. Alianza, Madrid, .
Lipset, Seymour (1959). "Algunos requisitos sociales de la democracia: desarrollo económico y legitimidad política", en Diez textos básicos de ciencia política. A. Batlle. Ariel, Barcelona, 113-150.
Lipset, Seymour (1993). "The Social Requisites of Democracy Revisited." American Sociological Review Feb-59, 1: 1-22.
Maddison, Angus. 2003.World Economy Historical Statistics. OECD, Paris
Marx, Karl. 1973. Contribución a la crítica de la economía política. Editorial Pueblo y Educación, La Habana
Meltzer, Allan, y Scott Richard. 1981. "A rational theory of the size of government", Journal of Political Economy, 89: 914-927.
Midlarsky, Manus (1997). The evolution of inequality : war, state survival, and democracy in comparative perspective, en en Inequality, Democracy, and Economic Development, ed. by Manus I. Midlarsky. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Muller, Edwin (1988). "Democracy, Economic Development and Income Inequality." American Sociological Review 53 (February): 50-68.
Przeworski, Adam (1985). Capitalism and social democracy. Cambridge University Press; New York
Przeworski, Adam et. al. (2000). Democracy and development : political institutions and well-being in the world, 1950-1990. Cambridge University Press, New York.
Przeworski, Adam y Fernando Limongi (1997). "Modernization: Theories and Facts." World Politics. John Hopkins University Press, Volume 49, number 2: 155-183.
Roberts, Kevin 1977 «Voting over income tax schedules», Journal of Public Economics,8: 329-340.
Romer, Thomas 1975. «Individual welfare, majority voting and the properties of a linear income tax», Journal of Public Economics, 4 (2): 163-185.
Ross, Marc. 1983. "Political Decision Making and Conflict: Additional Cross-Cultural Codes and Scales". Ethnology, Vol. 22, No. 2 (Apr., 1983), pp. 169-192
Rousseau, Jean Jacques. 1986. El Contrato Social. Alianza Editorial, Madrid
Service, Elman (1984). Los orígenes del Estado y de la civilización : el proceso de la evolución cultural. Alianza, Madrid
Shepsle, Kenneth y Mark Bonchek (2005) Las formulas de la política. Taurus, México
Vanhanen, Tatu (1990). The Process Of Democratization: A Comparative Study Of 147 States 1980-88. Taylor & Francis, New York.
Weede, Erich (1989). "Democracy and Income Inequality Reconsidered." American Sociological Review 54-5 (October): 565-571.
Woodburn, James (1982). "Egalitarian Societies." Man, New Series Vol. 17, No. 3 (September): 431-451.
Wright, Eric (1994). Clases. Siglo XXI, Madrid.
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Published
2018-10-29
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Articles
How to Cite
New analysis of the economic preconditions of democracy. (2018). Revista Uruguaya De Ciencia Política, 16(1), 103-129. https://rucp.cienciassociales.edu.uy/index.php/rucp/article/view/236
