Deliberation and democracy
a reply to Gallardo
Keywords:
deliberative democracy, competitive democracy, Javier GallardoAbstract
In this brief article I evaluate the model of deliberative democracy recently advanced by Javier Gallardo (2009). My main purpose is to point out some problems in his proposal. In the first part of the article, I explain why his proposal may be indistinguishable from a model of competitive democracy. In particular I argue that his model could not deal with the normative and political problems that the author sees as inherent in a competitive democracy. Second, I examine the scope of his model. Gallardo explains neither who the subjects of deliberation are nor which spaces agents actually deliberate in. If his model of deliberative democracy is not inclusive enough, then his proposal might lose its normative and political value. On the contrary, if his proposal is highly inclusive, it may certainly be the case that his deliberative model becomes highly demanding and unfeasible.
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References
Bachtiger, Andre et al. (2010). "Disentangling Diversity in Deliberative Democracy: Competing Theories, Their Blind Spots and Complementarities", The Journal of Political Philosophy, 18 (1):32–63.
Bohman, James and William Rehg (eds). (1997). Deliberative Democracy: Essays on Reason and Politics. Cambridge MA: MIT Press.
Bohman, James (1998). "Survey Article: The Coming of Age of Deliberative Democracy" Journal of Political Philosophy 6:400-425.
Chambers, Simone (2003). "Deliberative Democratic Theory", Annual Review of Political Science 6:307-326.
Cohen, Joshua (1997). "Procedure and Substance in Deliberative Democracy", En J. Bohman y W. Rehg (eds.), Deliberative Democracy. Cambridge MA: MIT Press, pp. 407–37.
Dahl, Robert (1989). Democracy and its Critics. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Elster, Jon (1992). Local Justice. New York: Sage Publishing.
Elstub, Stephen (2010). "The Third Generation of Deliberative Democracy", Political Studies Review, Vol 8, 291-307.
Farrelly, Colin (2004). An Introduction to Contemporary Political Theory. London: Sage Publications.
Freeman, Samuel (2000). "Deliberative Democracy: A Sympathetic Comment", Philosophy and Public Affairs 29:371-418.
Gallardo, Javier (2005). "Diálogo en la República", Revista Polis 1 (1):57-89
Gallardo, Javier (2009). "Elogio modesto a la deliberación política", Revista Uruguaya de Ciencia Política, 18 (1):85-115.
Galston, Miriam (1994). "Taking Aristotle Seriously: Republican-Oriented Legal Theory and the Moral Foundation of Deliberative Democracy", California Law Review, 82 (2): 330-399.
Gutmann, Amy and Dennis Thompson (1996). Democracy and Disagreement. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
Hardin, Russell (1999). "‘Deliberation: Method, Not Theory." In Stephen Macedo (ed) Deliberative Politics: Essays on Democracy and Disagreement. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Habermas, Jurgen (1996). Between Facts and Norms: Contributions to a Discourse Theory on Law and Democracy. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Macedo, Stephen (ed.) (1999). Deliberative Politics: Essays on Democracy and Disagreement. Oxford UP.
Mansbridge, Jane et al. (2010). "The Place of Self-Interest and the Role of Power in Deliberative Democracy", Journal of Political Philosophy, 18 (1):64–100.
Mouffe, Chantall (2000). The Democratic Paradox. New York: Verso.
Rawls, John (1993). Political Liberalism. New York: Columbia University Press
Przeworski, Adam (1998). "Deliberation and Ideological Domination", En Jon Elster (ed) Deliberative democracy. Cambridge MA: Cambridge University Press
Przeworski, Adam (1999). A Minimalist Conception of Democracy. En I. Shapiro and C. Hacker-Cordon (eds.). Democracy’s Value, Cambridge: Cambridge Universit Press, pp. 23-55.
Riker, William H. 1982. Liberalism against Populism. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.
Sanders, Lynn (1997). "Against Deliberation", Political Theory 25:347-376.
Schumpeter, Joseph A. (1947). Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy. New York: Harper and Row Publishers.
Shapiro, Ian (2002). "Optimal Deliberation", Journal of Political Philosophy, 10 (2):196-211.
Stone, Peter (2007). "Why Lotteries Are Just", The Journal of Political Philosophy: 15 (3): 276–295
Stone, Peter (2009). "Lotteries, Justice and Probability", Journal of Theoretical Politics 21(3): 395–409
Thompson, Dennis (2008). "Deliberative Democratic Theory and Empirical Political Science", Annual Review of Political Science, 11 (1), 497–520.
Walzer, Michael (1999). "Deliberation, and What Else?". In Macedo (ed) 1999. Deliberative Politics: Essays on Democracy and Disagreement, Oxford UP.
Bohman, James and William Rehg (eds). (1997). Deliberative Democracy: Essays on Reason and Politics. Cambridge MA: MIT Press.
Bohman, James (1998). "Survey Article: The Coming of Age of Deliberative Democracy" Journal of Political Philosophy 6:400-425.
Chambers, Simone (2003). "Deliberative Democratic Theory", Annual Review of Political Science 6:307-326.
Cohen, Joshua (1997). "Procedure and Substance in Deliberative Democracy", En J. Bohman y W. Rehg (eds.), Deliberative Democracy. Cambridge MA: MIT Press, pp. 407–37.
Dahl, Robert (1989). Democracy and its Critics. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Elster, Jon (1992). Local Justice. New York: Sage Publishing.
Elstub, Stephen (2010). "The Third Generation of Deliberative Democracy", Political Studies Review, Vol 8, 291-307.
Farrelly, Colin (2004). An Introduction to Contemporary Political Theory. London: Sage Publications.
Freeman, Samuel (2000). "Deliberative Democracy: A Sympathetic Comment", Philosophy and Public Affairs 29:371-418.
Gallardo, Javier (2005). "Diálogo en la República", Revista Polis 1 (1):57-89
Gallardo, Javier (2009). "Elogio modesto a la deliberación política", Revista Uruguaya de Ciencia Política, 18 (1):85-115.
Galston, Miriam (1994). "Taking Aristotle Seriously: Republican-Oriented Legal Theory and the Moral Foundation of Deliberative Democracy", California Law Review, 82 (2): 330-399.
Gutmann, Amy and Dennis Thompson (1996). Democracy and Disagreement. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
Hardin, Russell (1999). "‘Deliberation: Method, Not Theory." In Stephen Macedo (ed) Deliberative Politics: Essays on Democracy and Disagreement. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Habermas, Jurgen (1996). Between Facts and Norms: Contributions to a Discourse Theory on Law and Democracy. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Macedo, Stephen (ed.) (1999). Deliberative Politics: Essays on Democracy and Disagreement. Oxford UP.
Mansbridge, Jane et al. (2010). "The Place of Self-Interest and the Role of Power in Deliberative Democracy", Journal of Political Philosophy, 18 (1):64–100.
Mouffe, Chantall (2000). The Democratic Paradox. New York: Verso.
Rawls, John (1993). Political Liberalism. New York: Columbia University Press
Przeworski, Adam (1998). "Deliberation and Ideological Domination", En Jon Elster (ed) Deliberative democracy. Cambridge MA: Cambridge University Press
Przeworski, Adam (1999). A Minimalist Conception of Democracy. En I. Shapiro and C. Hacker-Cordon (eds.). Democracy’s Value, Cambridge: Cambridge Universit Press, pp. 23-55.
Riker, William H. 1982. Liberalism against Populism. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.
Sanders, Lynn (1997). "Against Deliberation", Political Theory 25:347-376.
Schumpeter, Joseph A. (1947). Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy. New York: Harper and Row Publishers.
Shapiro, Ian (2002). "Optimal Deliberation", Journal of Political Philosophy, 10 (2):196-211.
Stone, Peter (2007). "Why Lotteries Are Just", The Journal of Political Philosophy: 15 (3): 276–295
Stone, Peter (2009). "Lotteries, Justice and Probability", Journal of Theoretical Politics 21(3): 395–409
Thompson, Dennis (2008). "Deliberative Democratic Theory and Empirical Political Science", Annual Review of Political Science, 11 (1), 497–520.
Walzer, Michael (1999). "Deliberation, and What Else?". In Macedo (ed) 1999. Deliberative Politics: Essays on Democracy and Disagreement, Oxford UP.
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2018-10-24
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Deliberation and democracy: a reply to Gallardo. (2018). Revista Uruguaya De Ciencia Política, 19(1), 207-218. https://rucp.cienciassociales.edu.uy/index.php/rucp/article/view/180
